Glossary Terms Archive

Capability Analysis

Capability analysis is a method used to evaluate the performance of a process in terms of its ability to meet customer requirements or industry standards. It is commonly used in quality control and process improvement to evaluate the capability of a process to produce...

Process Capability in Six Sigma: Cp, Cpk, Pp, Ppk Formulas, Benchmarks, and DMAIC

Process capability measures how well a process performs within its specification limits. It is expressed using four indices: Cp, Cpk, Pp, and Ppk. Cp measures potential capability assuming perfect centering. Cpk measures actual capability accounting for how centered...

Alias in Six Sigma: Definition, Alias Structure, and Design Resolution

In Six Sigma, an alias occurs in Design of Experiments (DOE) when two or more effects become indistinguishable from each other in a fractional factorial experiment. You cannot tell which factor, or which interaction between factors, caused the observed change in the...

Critical to Customer (CTC): Definition, CTC Tree, and CTC vs. CTQ

Critical to Customer (CTC) refers to the specific characteristics of a product or service that matter most directly to the customer, translated from raw Voice of the Customer (VOC) data such as surveys, interviews, and complaints. It matters because vague customer...

Defects Per Unit (DPU)

Table of contentsWhat are Defects Per Unit (DPU)?Benefits of Attending to DPUWhy is DPU Important?Related Articles: Estimated reading time: 4 minutes What are Defects Per Unit (DPU)? Defects per Unit (DPU) is a measure of process quality in Six Sigma that is used to...