The GRPI model is a team effectiveness framework identifying four things every functional team needs: clear Goals, defined Roles, agreed-upon Processes, and healthy Interpersonal Relationships. Developed by organizational theorist Richard Beckhard in 1972, and later...
What is an X-Bar? In statistics, an X-bar (also written as x̄) represents the mean or average of a set of values. It is a measure of central tendency, specifically the arithmetic mean, which is calculated by adding up all the values in a dataset and then dividing the...
A3 problem solving is a Lean method, developed at Toyota, for documenting an entire improvement story on a single sheet of A3-size paper (297 × 420 mm, or 11 × 17 inches). It forces a team to compress background, current condition, root cause analysis,...
Homogeneity of variance means two or more groups spread out by about the same amount. It is also called homoscedasticity. This assumption matters most before running an ANOVA or a t-test, because both tests assume every group has similar variance. If one group’s...
What is Supplier Request for Engineering Approval? A Supplier Request for Engineer Approval (SREA) is a procedure used to request that a permanent change to a product or process be made. 3 Benefits to a Supplier Request For Engineering Approval. It is understandable...