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Pooled Standard Deviation

Pooled standard deviation serves as a crucial statistical measure that combines the variability from multiple samples into a single estimate. When researchers need to compare two or more groups, they often require a common measure of spread that represents the overall...

Kaikaku – Japanese Improvement Model

The kaikaku meaning translates literally as “radical change” or “revolutionary improvement” in Japanese business terminology. Unlike gradual enhancement methodologies, Kaikaku embraces discontinuous innovation that fundamentally alters how work...

Harada Method

The Harada Method is a management and self-development approach developed by Japanese author and management consultant Takashi Harada. It focuses on personal responsibility, goal setting, and self-management within organizations. The method is often used in business...

GRPI Model

Businesses can perform better with effective teams. It’s something that everyone knows instinctively, but cannot articulate. The GRPI model is popular and can be explained to both team members and managers. Let’s look into it in more detail....

X-Bar

What is an X-Bar? In statistics, an X-bar (also written as x̄) represents the mean or average of a set of values. It is a measure of central tendency, specifically the arithmetic mean, which is calculated by adding up all the values in a dataset and then dividing the...